Laibin has been inhabited for thousands of years, with the Zhuang people as the original inhabitants. During the Tang and Song dynasties, the region was administered through the Tusi (local chieftain) system, which allowed ethnic minority leaders to govern under imperial authority. The Xincheng Tusi Yamen, built during the Ming dynasty, is one of the best-preserved examples of this system.
In the Qing dynasty, Laibin became an important sugar-producing region. After the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, the area was developed as a center of sugar refining and agriculture. The city was formally established as Laibin in 2002, separating from Liuzhou's administration. Since then, Laibin has been developing its economy while preserving the Zhuang and Yao cultural heritage that makes it unique.