Jieyang has one of the longest histories in Guangdong, established as a county in 214 BCE during the Qin dynasty under the name Jieyang County. It is one of the earliest administrative divisions in the Lingnan region. The city served as an important political and cultural center in eastern Guangdong for much of its history.
During the Song dynasty, Jieyang flourished as a center of learning and commerce. The Jieyang Confucian Temple was built during this period, becoming a prestigious academy that educated generations of scholars. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw Jieyang develop its distinctive Chaoshan cultural identity, including its renowned opera, music, and culinary traditions.
In 1991, Jieyang was upgraded from a county-level city to a prefecture-level city. The late 20th century saw the dramatic rise of Yangmei's jade industry, transforming a small village into a global jade trading hub. Today, Jieyang balances its ancient cultural heritage with modern industrial development.